FEMP lesson summary
preparatory group 6-7 years
Software content
Learn to make up the number 6 from two smaller numbers and decompose it into two smaller numbers.
Continue to acquaint with the formation of the second ten numbers within 15.
Introduce the measurement of quantities using a conditional measure.
Develop the ability to navigate in space using symbols and diagrams.
Didactic visual material
Demonstration material.Two baskets: 10 balls in one, 5 balls in the other, a jar of rice, 6 cubes, a spoon, a glass, a ruler, a string, a sheet of paper, a cardboard strip (the strip should fit the full number of times in a sheet of paper), 2 boxes with pencils : in one box - 5 red pencils, in the other box - 5 blue pencils; cards with numbers.
Handout.Cards with numbers, sheets of paper with a picture of a kindergarten building (rectangle) and a plot (oval) (see Fig. 1), circles, triangles, pencils.
Methodical instructions
Part I. Game exercise "Playing with balls."
There are 10 balls in the basket. The teacher calls 15 children to the board and invites them to take one ball each. Children count how many balls they took.
The teacher gives one ball to the rest of the children, each time counting the number of balls and children and figuring out how the new number came about.(It was 10, added 1, it turned out 11 ...)
Part II. Game exercise "Learning to measure."
On the teacher's table are 6 cubes and a jar of rice. The teacher asks the children: “How do I know how many blocks are there?(Count.) How do you know how much rice is in a can? "
The teacher listens to the answers of the children and brings them to the conclusion that it takes a very long time to count the grains: “You can measure the cereals in a jar. How can you measure the amount of cereal? "
After the children's answers, the teacher puts a spoon, glass, ruler, string on the table and asks: "How is it more convenient to measure cereals?"(Glass, spoon.)That by which we measure something is called a measure. "
The teacher offers to measure the cereal with a glass and shows the measurement techniques. He pours a full glass of cereal, noting that the cereal is poured to the rim of the glass, and pours it into the bowl. The child puts a cube on the table. At the end of the measurement, the children count the cubes and name their number. The teacher clarifies: “The number of cubes shows how many glasses of rice are in the jar. There are four glasses of rice in the jar. "
Then the children, together with the teacher, measure the length of the sheet of paper using a cardboard strip. Preliminarily, the teacher specifies the measurement rules: "We start from the beginning of a sheet of paper, pinch the end of the measure with a finger and put a mark (dash) with a pencil."
The teacher finds out how many measures turned out, what the number indicates, what the length of the sheet of paper is equal to.
During the measurement, the teacher uses the words:measured, measured, measure.
Physical education "Oliver Twist"
The teacher reads a poem and, together with the children, performs the appropriate movements. The game is repeated 5 times, repeating the last word in a line up to 5 times.
Go and marvel - (They shake their head.)
Oliver Twist,
Can't sit down(They squat.)
Can't stand up(They sit on the floor.)
Nor clap your hands -(Hands behind your back.)
Let's start again: (Get up.)
Go marvel, marvel -(Then repeat
the same movements.)
Oliver Twist, Twist,
Can't sit down or sit down
Can't get up or get up
Nor clap your hands, clap your hands,
Let's start again, again:
Go marvel, marvel, marvel ...
Part III. Game exercise "Composing the number".
The teacher has 2 boxes of pencils: in one box - 5 red pencils, in the other box - 5 blue pencils. The teacher asks the children how many pencils are in the boxes and what color they are. Then he gives the child a task:
Take one,
Dear friend, pencil
And put
To the other five in the box.
Now say:
What flowers and how much did you give
To make six, and nothing more.
The teacher asks: “How many pencils are in the box now? What color are the pencils? How did we make the number six? "(Five and one.)
The teacher, together with the children, discusses all possible options for the composition of the number six.(Four and two, three and three, two and four, one and five.)Children on the tables and on the board lay out the corresponding pairs of numbers (each pair under each other). Then they call all the variants of the composition of the number 6.
Part IV. Game exercise "Draw a path to the site."
Children have sheets of paper depicting the plan of the kindergarten territory (building and area of the kindergarten) (Fig. 1).
Rice. 1
The teacher invites the children to help Petrushka find the way to the site and gives instructions:
Then the children take turns talking about the direction of movement from kindergarten to the site, using words that denote spatial relationships (straight, left, right, etc.).
Lesson summary:
What did we do with you today?
Theme:"Dividing the whole into parts, counting up to 15"
Tasks:
Divide the whole into parts, establish the relationship between the whole and the part;
Count to 15, understand the quantitative relationships between numbers.
2. Fix:
Symmetrical arrangement of objects on a plane;
Addition and subtraction of numbers by 2 when solving problems.
Demo material: 2 potatoes of different sizes; a bowl; knife; 2 chef toys; toys for counting (14 and 15 pieces).
Handout: notebooks in a box; colored pencils (markers).
Children sit in a semicircle. On the table in front of them are potatoes, a bowl, a knife, and 2 toy chefs.
- The cooks decided to boil potatoes today. There are two potatoes here. They are the same? (One is larger, the other is smaller.) How do you split these 2 potatoes equally between two cooks?
(The reasoning of the children.)
The teacher cuts a large potato in half.
The teacher cuts a small potato in half.
- How did I cut this potato? (In half.) How many pieces did I get? Are they equal?
The teacher gives one cook 2 parts of a large potato, and the other two parts of a small potato.
- So I divided the potatoes equally. Did I do the right thing? (Children's reasoning.) Why is it wrong? I gave 2 parts to one chef and 2 parts to the other? It turned out equally.
Children prove that the number of parts of potatoes is the same, but that these parts are different in size.
- Well done, guys, helped me figure it out. I propose to split into 2 teams and play the game "Collect toys". Each team needs to collect and place toys on their table: the first team puts 13 toys, and the second team 14 toys.
Children collect toys in a group and place them on the table.
- How many toys did your team supply? (13.) How much is yours? (14.) Who has more toys? How much?
- Now have the second team put another toy on the table. How many toys does the second team have in total? (15.) Now we are familiar with the number 15.
The teacher explains to the children the formation of the number 15 (similar to lesson 59), shows them the numbers 1 and 5.
- These numbers correspond to the number 15, they are familiar to you.
The teacher thanks the children for their work and invites them to go to the tables on which there are notebooks and colored pencils (markers).
- Open your notebooks. I suggest you complete the task "Draw the second half" using colored pencils (felt-tip pens)
- You did an excellent job with the task, it's time to solve the problems. I read the problem to you, you solve it, and one of you draws up an example on the board for this problem.
Tasks
The mushrooms were drying up on the trees,
Well, in the rain, of course, they got wet.
Three yellowish butter,
Two thin honey agarics.
You guys don't be silent
How many mushrooms are there? Tell!
There were ten trees in the garden.
Two were cut down last year.
Guys, I can't find the answer:
How many trees are left in the garden?
Four Alenkas, two Natashki
They played tag under the spring sun.
So how many guys answer soon,
Children playing under the spring sun?
Six handkerchiefs. And two of them are embroidered with patterns.
How much we have left to embroider -
We will calculate soon.
V. Volina
- You did a great job today. Thanks everyone!
Game "Mother hen and chickens".
Goals: consolidate counting skills; develop auditory attention.
cards with the image of chickens of different numbers.
Description: The cards show different numbers of chicks. Distribute roles: children - "chickens", one child - "hen". The "brood hen" is chosen with the help of a rhyme:
They say at dawn
Gathered on the mountain
Dove, goose and jackdaw ...
That's the whole rhyme.
Each child receives a card and counts the number of chicks on it. The teacher addresses the children:
The chickens want to eat.
We need to feed the chickens.
The "mother hen" begins her game actions: knocks on the table several times - calls the "chickens" to the grains. If the "brood hen" knocks 3 times, the child who has a card with the image of three chickens squeaks 3 times (pee-pee) - his chickens are fed.
Game "Number houses".
Target: to consolidate knowledge about the composition of the number of the first ten, basic mathematical signs, the ability to compose and solve examples.
: silhouettes of houses with inscriptions on the roof of one of the houses from 3 to 10; set of cards with numbers.
Description: houses are distributed to the players, the child examines cards with numbers. Ask the child to name the numbers and put them in order. Put a large card with a house in front of the child. A certain number lives in each of the houses. Invite the child to think and say what numbers it consists of. Have the child identify their options. After that, he can show all the options for the composition of the number, laying out cards with numbers or dots in the windows.
The game "guess the number".
Target: to consolidate the skills of addition and subtraction, the ability to compare numbers.
Description: ask the child to guess what number they are thinking. The teacher says: "If you add 3 to this number, you get 5" or "The number that I made my mind is more than five, but less than seven." You can change roles with children, the child thinks the number, and the teacher guesses.
Game "Collect a flower".
Target: develop counting skills, imagination.
Game material and visual aids: the core of the flower and separately seven petals cut from cardboard, on each of the petals an arithmetic expression for addition or subtraction up to 10.
Description: invite the child to collect a magical seven-flowered flower, but you can insert a petal into the core only if the example is correctly solved. After the child picks the flower, ask what wishes he would make for each petal.
The game "Decompose the numbers."
Target: exercise children in forward and backward counting.
Game material and visual aids: cards with numbers from 1 to 15.
Description: arrange the prepared cards in random order. Invite the child to lay out the cards in ascending order of numbers, then in descending order. You can choose other layouts, for example: "Lay out the cards, skipping every second (third) number."
Game "Number transformation".
Target: Train children to perform addition and subtraction actions.
Game material and visual aids: counting sticks.
Description: invite the child to play wizards who turn several numbers into one: "What do you think the numbers 3 and 2 can turn into?" Using the counting sticks, move three to two, then remove two of the three. Record the results obtained as examples. Ask your child to become a wizard and use magic wands to turn one number into another.
Game "Holiday of the Number".
Target: reinforce the skills of addition and subtraction.
Description: declare every day a holiday on a certain date. On this day, the “birthday” number invites other numbers to visit, but with the condition: each number must choose a friend for itself, who will help it turn into the number of the day. For example, the holiday of the number seven. The number 7 invites the number 5 to visit and asks who will accompany her. The number 5 thinks and answers: "2 or 12" (5 + 2; 12 - 5).
Game "Amusing squares".
Target: to consolidate the skills of addition, mathematical actions.
Game material and visual aids: outlined squares.
Description: in the drawn squares, it is necessary to arrange the numbers in the cells so that on any horizontal and vertical rows, as well as on any diagonal, the same definite number is obtained.
Number 6
Game "Mathematical Kaleidoscope".
Target: develop ingenuity, ingenuity, ability to use mathematical actions.
Description:
Three boys - Kolya, Andrey, Vova - went to the store. On the way, they found three kopecks. How much money did Vova find alone if he went to the store alone? (Three kopecks.)
Two fathers and two sons ate 3 eggs at breakfast, each of them getting a whole egg. How could this have happened? (There were 3 people at the table: grandfather, father and son.)
How many ends do 4 sticks have? And 5 sticks? And what about 5 and a half sticks? (4 sticks have 8 ends, 5 have 10 ends, 5 and a half have 12 ends.)
The field was plowed by 7 tractors. 2 tractors stopped. How many tractors are there in the field? (7 tractors.)
How to bring water in a sieve? (Freeze her.)
At 10 o'clock the baby woke up. When did he go to bed if he slept for 2 hours? (At 8:00.)
Three kids were walking. One is in front of two, one is between two, and one is behind two. How did the kids go? (One after another.)
Sister is 4 years old, brother is 6 years old. How old will a brother be when his sister turns 6? (8 years.)
The goose weighs 2 kg. How much will he weigh when he stands on 1 leg? (2 kg.)
7 candles were burning. Two were extinguished. How many candles are left? (Two because the others burned out.)
Kondrat was walking to Leningrad,
And to meet - twelve guys.
Each has three baskets.
Each basket contains a cat.
Each cat has 12 kittens.
How many of them went to Leningrad?
K. Chukovsky
(One Kondrat went to Leningrad, the rest went to meet him.)
Game "Collect the scattered geometric shapes."
Goals: to consolidate knowledge of geometric shapes; to teach by drawing (sample) to collect geometric shapes in a certain sequence in space; keep children willing to play.
Game material and visual aids: a set of color schemes depicting geometric shapes and colored geometric shapes for each child.
Description: children choose for themselves any geometric figure of a certain color, but first they choose a leader who will collect geometric figures in a certain order. To music or a tambourine, children run around the group room or kindergarten area. As soon as the music stops, the children freeze in place. The presenter arranges the children according to the picture shown on the sheet.
Note. Geometric shapes can be in the form of hats.
Very often, parents, when trying to give their child a first idea of mathematics, focus solely on the ordinal or on memorizing numbers. Naturally, both are useful activities, however, if you really want to teach your child to count, then you need to acquaint him not with numbers, but quantities and not just memorize the count to ten with the baby, but help him understand the spoken meanings, develop mathematical thinking. For a child, the words "Four apples" should not be an empty sound, the child should clearly understand how many apples they are and understand that, for example, four is more than two.
The math games that I want to talk about in this article are best suited for children 2-4 years old (and something even earlier). The main goal of these games is to teach the child to visually recognize the number, to understand which is more, which is less, which are the same, how much corresponds to each number and what will happen if one more apples are added to three apples. I would like to note that these are games, not lessons. Children of this age will not like it too much if you constantly torture them with questions like "Show number 3" "Tell me, how many sticks are there?" They need to be interested, unobtrusively add math problems to everyday ones. I notice the highest interest in my daughter when my favorite toy personally informs her about his problem and asks for help (for the toy, of course, I say).
Don't try to play with big numbers at once! It is enough to limit ourselves to games within 4-5. You must admit that it is much more attractive to help the kid master various operations with numbers not exceeding the number 4, to develop mathematical thinking, than just to learn how to count to ten, not being able to act with each of these numbers. A child who has mastered operations with small numbers will then easily transfer his skills to large numbers.
So, math games for toddlers:
First of all, draw the kid's attention to the fact that everything around us can be counted and enter the account into your everyday life. Count the steps you climb, cars in front of the house, spoons before dinner, piglets in a fairy tale, stick candles on your sand cake, etc. So gradually the child will remember the sequence you regularly pronounce "one, two, three ..." and slowly begin to correlate it with the amount he has seen. You can do this already from 1 year.
Here are some examples of our very first quantity games (played around the age of 2):
We seat 2-3 toys at the table, inform the kid that one of them has a birthday today, so all the guests need to be fed. To begin with, we count together how many guests are in total and with the words “So, there are only 3 guests, so we will need 3 plates too”, we count three plates with the baby. We arrange them for the guests, we check that there was enough for everyone, which means that the plates as many how many toys. Similarly, you can give tasks for the distribution of spoons or chairs for toys.
Then, in the voice of Masha's doll, we say, "Can I please have 3 mushrooms." We count 3 mushrooms for Masha. Then we reason that we need to put the same amount of the frog so as not to offend. We also count 3 mushrooms for him. We reinforced the concept of “ as many ».
In the game, you can use both any improvised counting material (cones, buttons, counting sticks), and purchased (various mushrooms, carrots, tomatoes; here's another example chic set).
Even the smallest, one-year-old children can easily notice the fact that objects were and ended, as well as catch the moment when it happened. Therefore, after handing out sweets, mushrooms and other joys to toys, spread your hands in bewilderment and say, "And we have nothing left - zero sweets." The concept of "zero", as a rule, is learned very easily by children.
Board games with dice and chips are one of the best and most interesting ways to practice ordinal counting with your child. In addition, constantly recounting the same number of points on the cube, the kid learns to recognize the number without recounting, which is also very useful and will help in the future to easily operate with numbers in his mind.
Taisia and I started playing board games at the age of 2.5, at this age she could already grasp what needs to be played according to the rules, there is a sequence of moves, etc. I wrote in detail about all our first board games. Or you can download a walker game made especially for toddlers.
Show your child not only direct, but also reverse counting. So, for example, putting rings on a pyramid, count as usual, and when disassembling a pyramid, count in reverse order, thereby showing that the number of rings is decreasing. The same can be done by folding / laying something out of the box, collecting / disassembling a path (turret) of cubes. This is a very useful game, it prepares the child well for the subtraction operation.
No, of course, I will not write here that it is high time to solve examples. We will just unobtrusively during the game give the child an elementary and very simplified idea of such mathematical operations as addition and subtraction. Everything is only in a playful way! If the child finds it difficult or does not want to count, we just ourselves pronounce the conclusion from the game situation "There were three sweets, one ate, two left." Here are some examples of games with which you can train a child's mathematical thinking (remember that so far we use only the smallest numbers in our games - in the range of 4-5):
We take some toy and go with it to the forest in search of berries. For example, we played with a cat. Walking around the room, we found pebbles of two colors under the chairs and tables. Well, at the end they counted: “How many orange berries did the cat find? Three. How many yellow ones? Two. Now let's count how many berries he found. Five. It turns out that we have collected 2 yellow berries and 3 orange ones, but only 5! "
It is very useful to decompose numbers with the child into its components (for example, 3 is 2 + 1, 1 + 1 + 1, 3 + 0). This will help the child to count in the future. Game options:
You can attach several clothespins to a hanger, place small toys around the edges and redistribute clothespins between them, imagining that they are, for example, candy. It turned out to be an excellent replacement for the usual boring accounts. Another option: you can put the bagels on a ribbon and redistribute them in the same way, saying who got how much.
When the child has some idea of the quantities, you can begin to enter numbers... Now, having counted something, you not only name the number, but also show the corresponding figure. Here are some more options for math games:
We build towers from a constructor or cubes of the appropriate size;
or insert frames
(Ozon, My-shop,Read)
To fix the numbers, games in which the child needs to find the same numbers and combine them will be useful. For example, you can select toy houses by numbers, place cars in numbered garages, etc.
Or play to the math game "Engine" ... To do this, draw on paper or build a steam locomotive from the designer by numbering the cars. Each passenger, coming up, will call the number of his carriage, and let the baby seat everyone in their seats.
Even in memorizing numbers, books with poems about numbers like Marshak's "Merry Account" (Ozon, Maze, My-shop). We were lucky that the size of the numbers in the book exactly fit the size of our soft numbers, so we overlaid them as we read.
I also really like "Cheerful account" N. Vladimirova (Ozon, Maze, My-shop), I wrote about him earlier.
In my opinion, before the age of 3 years, there is no need to focus the child's attention on the sequence in which the numbers are in the number series, so as not to confuse the baby while he forms his idea of quantities. Well, after three children, the following math games may already be of interest:
Well, in conclusion, I would like to cite a few more useful books that will help you teach your child to count.
The books contain simple tasks for counting, memorizing numbers. The tasks are quite varied, the presence of stickers in the books definitely increases the child's interest in them. The manuals will be a great help in mastering mathematics.
.
In this book, the child is asked to look for different objects, while counting them. An excellent book for practicing the skills of conscious counting, attention. We took an interest in her not immediately, after about 2.5 years.
So, if you introduce the simplest mathematics into your everyday play situations with a child from an early age, then this science will be given to the kid easily. I wish you interesting and rich games!
Taisia and I continue to gradually expand the repertoire of our mathematical games, so I think there will be a continuation of this article soon. Subscribe to blog updates so as not to miss ( Email, Instagram, In contact with, Facebook). Oh, and by the way, do not forget to read the article about the study of geometric shapes, because the development of spatial thinking is also an integral part of mathematics for kids:
Anahit Tovmasyan
Abstract of GCD for mathematical development for children of the preparatory group "Number 15, number 15"
Software content: Introduce education the numbers 15 and with a new unit of account; teach write education number 15, read the entry; teach to write number 15; develop the ability to recreate silhouettes according to the model; continue to develop the skill of self-control and self-esteem; to consolidate knowledge about forward and backward counting, about neighbors the numbers, days of the week; to educate the ability not to interrupt an adult. To cultivate the ability to listen to an adult and not interrupt.
Material: colored pencils, plain pencil, "Vietnam game".
1. Math warm-up: Children stand in a circle, pass the ball along circle:
Direct account from 1 to 14;
Countdown from 14 to 1;
Name your neighbors numbers 2,3,5…
Name the days of the week;
What day of the week is Monday, Tuesday ...
2. "Listen, read, write down" work in a notebook
Reading a poem by V.P. Gudimova:
Vanya has one game:
"To the battle, sailors, more fun!"
I blew, - and swam in the bath
All fifteen ships.
How many large ships are there? (ten)
How can you say otherwise? (One dozen)
Let's color them green.
How many small boats are there? (five)
Let's color them yellow.
How many ships did you get in the picture? (fifteen)
How did it happen number 15? (add five to ten)
Write how it happened number 15, and read the entry. (ten plus five equals fifteen)
3. "We write Number 15»
Invite children to write number 15 to the end of the line as shown in
4. Physical education: "Fast rockets await us ..."
Chairs stand in a circle, children run freely around group and say the words with educator:
Fast rockets await us
For walking around the planets.
Whichever we want
We'll fly to this one!
But there is one secret in the game -
There is no place for latecomers.
The teacher removes one chair and the children sit down for the last words. The game is repeated 2-3 times.
5. "Vietnam game"
An adult informs the children that the fish scattered while they played. Requests
help collect them. Have children there are two sets of different colors. Children sort by color and collect fish silhouettes by pattern.
6. "Who will name more proverbs and catchphrases with numbers?»
One for all and all for one.
It is better to see once than hear a hundred times.
One head is better, two is better.
You will chase two hares, you will not catch a single one.
Do not recognize a friend in three days - recognize in three.
The horse has four legs, and even that one stumbles.
Have at one's fingertips. (Know well)
Try on seven times, cut once.
Seven don't wait for one.
Seven Fridays a week.
Absolute zero, round zero. (Useless man)
7. Self-control and self-assessment of the work performed in the notebook
Let's check the work with you in notebooks:
1) Green ships painted over 10
2) Yellow ships painted over 5
3) An entry must be made 10 + 5 = 15
4) Written number 15 skipping one box
Those who have no errors - green, 1 - 2 errors - yellow, if the task is not completed - red. (traffic signals).
I really liked that you were today attentive, quick-witted, persistent and therefore you managed to find treasures. Our journey is over.
Related publications:
Synopsis of the lesson on mathematical development for children of the middle group "Counting to four. Number and digit 4 " Abstract on mathematical development for children of the middle group “Counting up to four. Number and digit 4 "as of 06.10.2017 Prepared by: Ovcharenko.
