Now in the midst of the mushroom collection season, but not everyone is well versed in them and can confuse edible with poisonous. And here for the rescue comes special applications for smartphones, which by photography can determine the name of the mushroom. We decided to check how such a program works in real life.
How is the species of mushroom
To get accuracy of 90% in one of the most popular similar programs, you must comply with several conditions. For example, fungi is better photographed in their natural environment. A complete list of requirements - in the picture below, some definitions from there are very funny (apparently, they automatically translates Google).
We try to find a suitable photo of the oilbox on the web and load it into the application on the smartphone. After quick scanning, the result displays the result - in the photo with a probability of 71.1% depicted masolok.
It is important that the application only works when connecting to the Internet, which means that it may be useless in the deaf forest.
The photo we downloaded 
The result that the program issued Problems with determining the species of mushrooms in photographs made with good lighting without "extra" objects in the background, practically no.
Test on mosquito
To check the performance of the application in real conditions, we went to the Komarovsky market. Mushrooms there are selling a lot - there are borodics, boosions, hassle, rhymes and some other varieties.
First check whether the program can correctly determine wood. When scanning the photo on which they are captured in a bank, we obtain the result in 19.9%. Taking into account the fact that we specifically went to the conditions that the picture should correspond to, the application has coped well with its task and correctly determined the kind of fungus.
In the center in banks - Love 
Moving on and try to scan ryzhiks. The program gave a failure and flatly refused to determine their variety. Of the possible options - the Dubovik or the Rutovik, the Ryzhikov in the list is not. Scanning one separate mushroom with the adheral of the recommended shooting conditions has not changed anything.
Ryzhiks 
Borovik The application determined correctly, in the picture - "White Mushroom" with a probability of 77.8%. Indeed, the white mushroom refers to the genus of Borovikov, so that the answer can be considered true.
Boroviki 
In most cases, the application correctly determines the type of fungus and shows edible it or not. True for the most accurate result, the snapshot must match the set of parameters that are not always completely observed.
But if there is no other way to check the mushroom, then the application can be used. By cons carry only the lack of ability to determine the type of mushroom without connecting to the Internet.
TV channel "360" told what to pay attention to the mushroomnik.
Rainy and warm weather - Paradise for mushrooms. However, the extraction of quiet hunters can be fatally dangerous when non-champignon falls on ignorance to the plate, but a pale refinement or false pole. Going to the forest for mushrooms, remember, not every externally attractive mushroom is safe.
PoisonousVs. Edible
Poisoning mushrooms leads not only to the disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, but in 90% of cases and to death. Especially dangerous to the poisonous mushrooms for children, so, going to the forest, carefully read how to distinguish one of others, and it is better to make a reference book of the mushroom with pictures, especially if you have little experience.
The most dangerous mushroom from all poisonous - death cap. It is often accepted for a bench, a cheese and champignon. But such a mistake is fatal. Antidote from toxin Amandine contained in this mushroom, no.
How to distinguish it, for example, from champignon? At the latter under the plate, pink or brown plates, the leafing is white. If the color of the pulp, the poisonous mushroom will not change, edible - flies or yellow. And the champignon smells like anise or almond, but the pale toadst does not smell.
Not fatal, but strong gastric disorder can be obtained if they false oh. They differ from the real olive or reddish tint and the absence of a "skirt" on the leg. Real forests do not grow above six centimeters. However, there is a simple rule: doubt - leave a mushroom in the forest.
Lisuki, By the way, also have twins. They are distinguished by intense orange caps and dark brown base legs. Also lzhelsichka does not have a characteristic thickening near the Hat and has a thinner leg. False chanterelles, watches, pale custodia - this is not all dangerous mushrooms, you will find a complete list in any reference book of the mushroom with pictures.
Distinctive features of other mushrooms will be found in the table.
When collecting mushrooms
True on mushroom folk signs
And also, preparing mushrooms, do not use folk tips.
Myth 1.. If you boil a poisonous mushroom, the water in the pan will save.
True 1. Water is painted due to the syntic acid. However, the composition of many dangerous fungi is not, and in edible - there is.
Myth 2. If a dangerous mushroom hooked in a saucepan, a silver spoon, lowered to it will darken.
True 2. Amino acids containing sulfur act on the metal, and it is both in those in other mushrooms.
Myth 3. If the head of the bow or garlic will be boiled when cooking with mushrooms, it means that there are poisonous mushrooms in a saucepan.
True 3. The change in the color of the bow or garlic can cause both poisonous and edible mushrooms depending on the presence of tyrosinase enzyme in them.
Mushroom places near Moscow
The most environmentally friendly mushrooms grow no closer than 50 kilometers from Moscow, and they are better to collect them away from the carriageway. So, from a two-way road, it is better to move away at least 150 meters, from four-band - by 500, from large highway - one kilometer. From the railway to two.
Mushroom places in the Kazan direction:
Art. Gzhel
Art. Grigorievo
Art. Inhale
Art. Kuzyaevo
Art. Chevlyagino
Platform "73rm km"
Art. Antsiferovo
Art. Names
Mushroom places on the Ryazan direction:
Art. Bronnitsy
Platform "63 km"
Art. Faustovo
Art. Sands
Art. Koned Boy
Art. Shchurovo
Art. Black
Art. Lukhovitsy
Mushroom places on the Leningrad direction:
Art. Podrezovo
Art. Firsanovka
Art. Birch trees
Art. Golkovo
Art. Pokrovka
Art. Frolovsky
Mushroom places in the Savelovsky direction:
Art. Lobnya
Art. Lugovaya
Art. Nekrasovskaya
Art. Catoire
Art. Labor
Art. Frost
Art. Tourist
Art. Vlasovo.
Art. Taldom
Mushroom places in the Riga direction:
Art. Oplaiha
Art. Nahabino
Art. Dedovsk
Art. Snegiri.
Art. Kalchesheviki
Art. Nucleosine
Art. Kursakovskaya
Art. Rumyantsevo
Art. Ledodolgorukovo.
Mushroom places in the Belarusian direction:
Art. Lark.
Art. Shupino (Zvenigorodskaya branch from Golitsyno station)
Art. Speed \u200b\u200b(Zvenigorod branch)
Art. Zvenigorod
Art. Sushkinskaya, Poletino, Character and Portnovskaya (stations go for each other)
Art. Perezino
Mushroom places in the Kiev direction:
Art. Victory
Art. Country
Art. Selotino
Art. Razewood
Art. Oryagovo
Art. Bekasovo
Art. Bashkino
Art. Obninskoye
Mushroom places in the Kursk direction:
Art. Merry
Art. Lviv
Art. Collective farm
Art. Chepelevo and Chekhov.
Art. Sharapova Hunting.
Art. Avangard
Mushroom places in the Gorky direction:
Art. Fryazevo
Art. Kazan
Mushroom places on Paveletsky direction:
Art. Take-off
Art. Vostryakovo (2-3 km from the railway, south of the fence)
Art. White pillars
Art. Barybino
Art. Veljaminovo
Art. Privalovo
Art. Mikhnevo
Art. Shugarovo.
Art. LIELO
Art. Stupino
Olga Lisakov
man shared articles
Mushrooms diversify the diet and deliver to many, because they are useful and tasty. They are rich in vitamins, proteins and carbohydrates, in young copies a lot of trace elements needed by the body: iodine, iron, zinc, calcium. Beautifully cooked mushroom dish improves metabolism, activates the operation of the gastrointestinal tract (gastrointestinal tract) and the nervous system. Many love "quiet hunting", but not everyone knows how to distinguish edible mushrooms from inedible.
Scientists argued for a long time about Gruztsov, the boosal and their fellow, not knowing where to attribute them. The protein contains about the same as in the animal food, and minerals and vitamins - as in plants. Only in 1960 they were determined in a separate mushroom kingdom.
The exact criteria for the differences between good species from dangerous has not yet been developed. Fans of "quiet hunting" rely on their own experience, which is transmitted from generation to generation. At the same time, it should be strictly complied with the main rule: do not take specimens that cause at least the slightest doubt. Otherwise, one little mushroom can cross all his life.
General features are very vague and averaged.
The main one includes:
Differences are these conditional. So, for example, the pale custodia has a white shade on fault and smells weakly, albeit a poisonous. It is worth paying attention to the place of growth. Usually false colonies are located away from the territories where good mushrooms grow. To certainly determine, edible mushroom or not, it is better to consider each of them individually.
That is most often found in baskets of mushrooms.
One of the most sought-after species. Strong like repka. Delicious and boiled, and fried. In the people, it is called "Redogolovik" for a bright hat. The leg has characteristic black specks. If it is cut, it shines. It grows not only in Osinnik, but also under other deciduous trees. The boletus grew up in the meadow in the grass can have a pale aluminum and even a colorless hat and a white leg without black specks. In young redheads, a ball with spherical, pressed against the leg, as the head grows straightened and compacted. In coniferous forests practically does not grow.
It has many subspecies that differ in color and taste. Hats shades - from light gray to dark brown. Cylindrical leg with black scales. As it grows it becomes fibrous. The most delicious copies grow on the hills. They are strong, elastic. A dark hat from below has light brown specks. On the edges of the swamps grow watery specimens - Mochoviki. In the basket they are squeezed with other mushrooms and turn into a shapeless porridge. They are collecting when there is nothing else. According to the taste qualities, brezers are significantly inferior to the boomines.
It has a yellow or brown top with a tubular structure and the same color leg, which has a darker root. Sinets on the cut. Suitable for frying, soups, marinations. In dried form, it acquires a pleasant yellow color. Not all the mushrooms collect them when the harvest is observed for more delicious views.
Growing colonies on the meadows and in firm-coniferous forests. Chervival champion. Coloring - from light yellow to dark brown. Sinets on the cut. Some consider it inedible, others do not take due to low taste and unsightly species in the soup. This is true. But in a dried view, it can be compared with the legendary white mushroom, especially if you put out young copies of the whole. At the same time, they do not black, keeping their natural color. Deer deer, so Kozswak is called "Mushroom's deer".
Not everywhere he grows, but is considered royal mushroom. Very nutritious and calorie. The color of this forest gift identified its name. And the redhead is a leg, and a plate hat, on which there are greenish circles on top of the top or dark gray spots. The pulp is also a dark orange, on a slice changes on a storm or greenish. It grows mainly in Ylannik, hiding in old coniferous needles, shown on the ground. Suitable for all types of treatment, except drying. Good for salting.
One of the most sought-after forest gifts. Salt form very often appears on the tables. It has a light brown or beige leg and reddish-red hats with characteristic rings. Young waves in the circumference of the top grows moors, the edges are bent down the book. The flesh is dense. On the cut there is a white milk. Collect better small specimens, until the flesh has become loose and worm.
The king of lamellar mushrooms. Ideal for salting, but you need to soak long, a few days. Especially tasty along with the waves. In this case, it does not stick. Vintage is not observed every year. The optimal diameter of the collection cap is 5-7 cm. Loves to hide under fallen leaves due to a short white leg. In appearance similar to the wave. The same shared, with curved edges at the beginning of growth, with brown rings on a hat, which is more dense, but the color is white. From the lamellar species is the strongest. On a cut, there is a white or yellowish milk. He loves moisture and chew. It is also a yellow germ (aspen). It becomes purple on a cut.
Universal view. Judging by the title, it is even good for the use of raw form. Good and in soup, and fried with potatoes, and pickled, and salty. Not suitable for drying. Many do not like raw materials, considering their second-grade mushrooms. This is not true. There are mushrooms that collect only this species, characterized by variety of colors: red, orange, purple, gray-green. White leg. Hat plate. The only minus - it crumble greatly that not everyone likes. The strongest - young copies of orange or greenish color. They have a semicircular head, dense.
According to taste, close to weak. It grows selectively. Young specimens have a hat in the shape of a bowl. Its color - from beige to dark brown. Good for salting.
It has many titles: Zayachary Potato, Gypsy Powder, Wolf Tobacco. Food is used only by young fruit bodies in the form of a needle white bowl with a dense pulp. Prowing, disputes are darker and turn into dust, and the mushroom itself is transformed into a dark brown or black bag. If you come on the shell, it is compressed, and a dust post appears in the air.
The most important criterion in which you can identify poisonous mushrooms - the structure of the Hats. If it is tubular, you can safely put the find in the basket. There are no deadly among them, and if the trophies are heat treatment, then you should not be afraid at all.
In addition to the main, attention should be paid to other signs characteristic of dangerous finds:
Dangerous mushrooms in the world are not so much. But it is unlikely that the Russians will be interested to read about the deadly "Angel of Death" from the Municipal Family, Growing in North America. But about dangerous finds, which can please in Lukokhko a mushroom in our country, there will be no information too much. Deadly dangerous species among them are units, but also a serious stomach disorder, too, for nothing. Who is warned, he is armed.
It grows, for the most part, in the Crimea, and he is now our. It is found on fallen trunks of deciduous trees and drunk stumps. Externally, it looks like a chanterelle, but it gives it a nasty smell - a sign of the presence of a toxic substance Illudin S, which can cause sharp pains, attacks of diarrhea and vomiting.
Occasionally meets in the European part of Russia. Contains a potent poison amatoxins. Folotin is masked under Psillybib Blue. Toxin is deadly for the liver and often leads to a fatal outcome.
Many will be surprised by seeing her in the list of dangerous gifts of the forest, because it meets everywhere, but more often in the north. At all times, she was collected and ate. The fact is that poison muscarine is manifested only in the raw form. And if the cheeseman is properly prepared, it becomes completely harmless. Used the find in the raw form, the victim is separated by the stomach disorder, thumbs in the abdomen, diarrhea and vomiting - typical poisoning.
Loves moderate climate, wet forests: coniferous, deciduous, mixed. More often found in the northern hemisphere. Previously, the twist attributed to the conditionally edible. Poisonousness is recently proved. When regular use may cause severe poisoning. Particularly suffer people with kidney disease. Mushroom may cause renal and respiratory failure, blood coagulation in vessels, shock. It may occur not only in forests and forest belts, but also in the gardens.
Prefers sandy soils and coniferous forests of the European part of Russia. Before the beginning of the 21st century, the greenstock was considered edible. The opinion has changed in 2001, when 12 cases of poisoning were recorded at once, 3 of them ended with a fatal outcome. In all cases, mushrooms have been eaten a lot.
Signs of poisoning:
It grows in Russia everywhere: in the forests, in the fields, near human housing. Develops colonies. White painting. Hat of conical shape as growth is transformed into a funnel. Incication When using fungus begins quickly.
Symptoms of poisoning are observed after 20-25 minutes:
Included in the top three of the most dangerous mushrooms of Russia. It has a memorable look: a brown hat with white warts. It grows both in deciduous and coniferous forests. Many confuse him with the Red (edible) amanomor, but the pantic is strongly poisonous. Choofing threatened to suffocate and paralysis after a couple of hours after use, so I need urgent hospitalization.
His name is a dangerous mushroom justifies. From him comes the unpleasant smell of rot. The stench, which he spreads, scares the mushrooms, so few deadly outcomes. Loves the crude soil of coniferous and mixed forests. White conical hat glitters from abundant mucus. Thin long leg has in the middle of growth. Strong intoxication occurs even from a piece of mumor, but signs of poisoning are noticeable only in a few hours. During this time, the poison penetrates various organs. The victim must be hospitalized to the medical institution.
Like a smelly fly, in the Lukoshki mushrooms, it is rarely due to the permanent smell. The leg has a white looser long, a conical hat. The poison is so strong that it is enough for a small piece of fruit body to get serious intoxication, the signs of which are manifested after a lot of hours from the moment of poisoning. The condition of the victim worsens in front of his eyes, he drops pressure. Need urgent hospitalization.
There are several representatives of the mushroom kingdom, having poisonous twins. You can distinguish a bad instance from a good sign that the "quiet hunting" lovers should know.
Among the tubular fungi white has the highest rating, although the soup of it is unimportant, and roast so-so. But in the dried form he is no equal. When drying, the fruit body saves white color, hence the name. Here from the dry product soup is just a divine.
But Borovka has dangerous twins. And edacy it is determined by flushing. The surface of the break does not darken. Rushing under it a bile mushroom with the same manipulation turns into a pink shade, and his taste is bitter, but it is not worth trying.
Borovik has a white or light brown cylindrical leg. Young instances in the form of a barrel. White hat, beige or light brown, and below, when the mushroom grows up - mustard. The Satanic Mushroom has a white hat, but if it is broken, the pulp will take.
False chanterelles are very similar to the real, so it is difficult to distinguish them. But there are a few differences yet. Edible has orange color or pale pink. In the color of the leg and corrugated hat on the edges of the hat are the same. In false copies, the leg is red, hollow, the edges of the hats are smooth, she herself is brighter, orange. White allocations appear on the break.
False and real hoists grow in the same places: on protruding roots, halfwheel trees and stumps. Therefore, you need to be careful. It is difficult to recognize them. It is impossible to collect myself, growing on Earth. Edibles have a dark brown color, a skirt on the leg and a hat with scales. False stand out with a brighter smooth hat, an unpleasant smell, lack of skirt.
The edible oil oil on the tubular hat is glossy, sticky, slippery, as if in oil, because they are called. It is easily removed by a knife if you pose from the edge. Intelligent fingers. On the cut, this forest gift does not change its yellow color, and broken false oils blue or blush. These handsome men can safely take.
Champignon is a very famous mushroom, since it is grown in artificial conditions. Sold in stores and in the markets. It has an attractive appearance, high nutrition and pleasant taste. In nature, grows in mixed gardens, in the meadows, pastures, parks and gardens.
The champignon has a dense short leg and a white-colored plate, sometimes with scales. Bottom plates brown, young champignons are closed with a white film, which is also edible. More often used for the preparation of various dishes. Prepare quickly, in 20-30 minutes. For salting, they are rarely used.
Beginners of mushrooms sometimes confuse it with the most poisonous mushroom in the world - pale toadstool. She has 2 distinctive features: a ring on the leg and vulva (cylindrical thickening) in the area near the root. The disputes are also toxic, they are spread by the wind at a distance of 3 meters, so it is impossible to collect anything next to these zees. Champignons grow in open places where there is a lot of light. The loyal loves the shadow and moisture of deciduous forests.
There are many people's ways how to test mushrooms on poisonousness. The most effective of them is to learn about it with the help of a bunk. For this, the purified bulb is cut in half and falls into the water, where forest trophies are boiled. In the presence of toxins in the broth, the bottom of the bulbs darkens or blue. Coloring changes present in the toxic difts of the forest tyrosinaz enzyme. However, it is present in some edible species. Therefore, in order to preserve your health in immunity, it is better to pour from a darkened bow.
Newbies are better to go to the forest in the company of experienced mushrooms. In the case of the slightest doubt, they competently and exhaustively advise on the basis of their rich experience. At the same time, the fungal places will show, they will teach correctly navigate.
Going to "quiet hunting", you need to choose the right clothes. It should be free and well to protect against insect bites. Untrenemost attributes are headdress and closed shoes. If ticks are found in the forest, the pants are refilled in the boots, and the jacket in the pants. These dangerous insects are always crawling upwards. It is not bad to tie a handkerchief.
Then they will be inaccessible places that pierces love so much:
A wicker basket made of pine shoes, vines or berers - the best container for harvesting, as it breathes. An experienced mushroom picker will never collect waves and stabber in a plastic bucket or cellophane package.
Many newcomers think: the farther in the forest, the greater the gifts of the forest, and mistaken. In thick arrays and redheads, and Boroviki, and the oils grow reluctantly. Much more of them on places with rare vegetation or border stripes: on the edges, along the shores of the streams and lakes, along the edges of the ravines, along the forest trail, in the glades.
Representatives of the fungal kingdom have one feature: they accumulate all harmful substances contained in the soil. Therefore, experts do not recommend collecting forest trophies closer than 500 meters from country roads and 1000 meters from the federal significance. Otherwise, gasoline and diesel fuel combustion products can get into the body: organic leads of lead, nitrogen oxides, sulfur, carbon, and it is unsafe for health.
Also, it is also impossible to assemble the gifts of the forest, if nearby is:
It is impossible to buy my own, freight, whites in private people standing along the roads. It is not known where they were collecting. In addition, among good copies can be easily lost and inedible.
Many dangerous representatives of the fungal kingdom of symptomatics in poisoning are similar, but signs can be observed at different times - from several hours to one and a half days.
They appear as follows:
At the first signs of intoxication, it is necessary to urgently cause ambulance.
Before the arrival of doctors, a number of procedures are shown:
Collection of forest gifts is carried out many centuries. During this time, a mass of methods of recognition of toxins in forest trophies began known. And almost all of them are not scientifically justified. So, some mushrooms (especially beginners) take a silver spoon with them. They are confident that if you attach it to a poisonous fruit body, the silver surface will darken. This is not reinforced to suckness. There are other myths.
This is an incorrect statement. So, for example, even a small piece of pale toes, a day ago, it seemed from under the ground, sometimes enough to go to the world of different. The same applies to the smelly mumor. In adult copies of toxins even more. Never try to taste raw mushrooms.
Eat, and as. Some insects and worms are not subject to toxins, so calmly feed on both false hassle, and twist, and muman. But they also face very poisonous gifts of the forest. So, we almost impossible to meet them in the pale.
There is an opinion that if you lower the silver object (ring, spoon) in a saucepan, where poisonous forest trophies are preparing, it will darken. The same applies to the vinegar. In some cases, the darkening is really observed. This is a reaction to the presence of sulfuric amino acids in the water, which are also contained in some edible species, and in a number of dangerous - are absent. So, this method is very dubious.
The principle of determining toxins is the same as in the case of silver and vinegar. The vegetable acquires a brownish color or darkens, but it is also impossible to believe this method.
This is a true statement. This is due to pepsin. But he, again, occurs in real mushrooms, and in unbearable, therefore there is no guarantee in the correctness of the definition.
This applies not to all toxic instances. The same pale refrain, which is the champion of poisonousness, has a pleasant, slightly catchy smell and is distinguished by the lack of bitterness. Therefore, when collecting forest gifts, it is better to be guided by other criteria.
In this video, it is described in detail what kind of mushrooms worth collecting.
The collection of mushrooms is one of the favorite autumn classes. It should be remembered in the basket, in addition to edible, can accidentally get poisonous mushrooms. The latter cause food disorders, poisoning and can lead to a fatal outcome. Therefore, you need to know how to distinguish edible mushrooms from inedible.
The easiest way to identify bright red mushrooms with characteristic white specks on a hat
To collect only delicious and useful edible mushrooms in the forest, it is worth going for them with an experienced mushroom. If there is no such friend, you need to take advantage of the following recommendations:
Signs characteristic only for poisonous fungi:
A reliable sign of edible mushrooms can be considered a spongy structure of the Hat. Among the poisonous representatives, such a structure is characterized only for Satanic mushroom, which is very similar to Borovik. Along the hat and distinguish them.
Edible mushrooms often have poisonous twins. For a white mushroom is a satanic mushroom. Different in bad view on the manifestation of blue color on a cut or fault. Hat of such a white or beige mushroom.
The color of the white mushroom hats can be diverse - from reddish brown to almost milky white
The real walls from false to distinguish more difficult. It also grows by groups on the stump and among the protruding roots. The edible mushroom is distinguished by the "skirt" on the leg and scales on the hat. Inedible "skirts" no, and they are brighter painted.
False sheds often have an unpleasant smell
False and real chanterelles are bright and elegant. This can be from pinkish to orange. False does not have a pale color, it is bright orange or red. The smell of an inedible mushroom with a slice is unpleasant, the hat grows with a size of 25 mm. Hats of real chanterelles grow up to 10 cm in diameter.
When pressing the surface of real chanterelles becomes reddish
Oil can also be false. Inedotable species is characterized by a hat with a more rounded form than u edible. The main difference is the false mushroom blue on the cut.
Shampignon flesh dense, blushes on a break
Do not take mushroom if his species affiliation is in doubt. And it is not necessary to hope that the mushroom brought home will be better to consider and determine whether he edible. There is a danger that it is a poisonous look, it will be lost among edible, and then get into the cooked dish. In this case, it has vital importance awareness and caution of the mushroom.
Not all mushrooms are suitable in fragrant soup or fried potatoes: Some of them are considered only conditionally edible, others and at all poisonous - a random hitting of such an organism can lead not only to the terrible poisoning, but even to death. Look for Sputnik in Help, how to distinguish edible mushrooms from false or poisonous.
To learn in the forest, Motherwear with a red hat and familiar white specks are not at all difficult - it is almost as easy to deceive with a false borovik or chanterelle, not knowing the main rules of their differences from edible.
Unambiguous signs are a bit, however, sometimes their knowledge can be very useful. The first difference between the poisonous mushroom is a characteristic volva, framing the leg from below: the feeling that the mushroom grows in a kind of pot. And the significant feature of mushrooms that can be eaten (with the exception of satanic) is a hat with a spongy structure.
Even poisonous specimens are often thickened to the very base, and also have olive or even a little pearl sings. Some poisonous mushrooms have a completely distinguishable smell of technical alcohol. But the statement that insects avoid poisonous fungi, rather a myth.
To distinguish the real Borovik (or white mushroom) from the false one by typical of its cap color: it always carries a beige, never - red or brown. And if they break a piece from her, the flesh of a poisonous mushroom will change the shade, and the present will remain unchanged. The bile mushroom is also similar to Borovik, distinguish only the pattern on the top - a black or dark gray grid.
It is quite difficult to distinguish edibles from false: mushrooms grow by groups and even places choose identical - hemps or spoken roots on the surface. The characteristic feature of the edible Opener is a "skirt", which goes out of a hat into the leg - such a false one. Identify the "deceiver" and the hat itself: it is deprived of "scraps", besides, a false oneank is brighter and smells unpleasant.
Especially careful worth being collecting chanterelles. False and edible chanterelles differ mainly on the edge of the Hats - it should be like corrugated. Another difference is color, but it is most convenient to evaluate it in comparison, putting on one palm guaranteed edible mushroom: a false chanterelle will be bright red or orange, while a chanterelle that is in food will be more like a pale pink or pale orange . Some connoisseurs argue that white juice is distinguished from the broken false chanterelle.
Real oils from false mushrooms are distinguished by the breeding name "oil", sticky skin on a hat. Most often it is noticeable in dampness, however, and in dry weather, the head of the edible butter will be shiny, the skin can be easily removed with a knife, it will even stretch a little. False oils recognize, bowing a piece of a hat and watching the flesh: it will acquire a red or blue shade. A poisonous pepper mushroom has a yellowish-cream pulp, and his leg is narrowed to the base.
It is very important in the forest to be able to distinguish with extremely toxic pale toxic. An inexperienced mushroom picker can easily confuse her with a forest champignon, at the same time he has a smooth and round hat, white or gray, there is a film at the base of the legs, and the plates under the hat are darked against touch. In addition, the leafing is growing in deciduous forests, and forest champignons - on the sun lit by the sun, along the roads and near the swamp.
Conditionally edible mushrooms are permissible to eat after a long heat treatment: boil at least 45 minutes, after - rinse with hot water and only then start cooking. The category of such includes freight, smruhchki and a naughty, which are taken to assemble in the fall.
However, the harmful effect on the human body of poisonous mushrooms is heat treatment does not neutralize. Some mushrooms can be disinfected with boiling in solution with the addition of vinegar and salt, but the refining will not be less toxic after that.
But it is believed that they can be identified in the process of cooking by folk methods. For example, if in the cooking process, put a silver spoon in a saucepan, it should darken, and onions added to it and garlic - become brown. Some hostesses check mushrooms with milk: it is folded when interacting with poison.
Any mentioned response in some cases can cause substances contained in non-union mushrooms, so that there is no significant way to identify a poisonous mushroom in the cooking process. Sputnik recommends how to pay attention to the distinctive signs of false and collect only edible.
All experts are talked for putting into the basket only those mushrooms are needed, which are not at all forced to doubt their edible. Being a newcomer, it is better to seek help in this matter to experienced fans of the "quiet hunting" - boast to them harvest and make sure that there are no poisonous mushrooms.
